Bertram ‘Great Lord of Kent’ de Criol

Bertram de Criel, "Great Lord of Kent" was Sheriff of County Kent from 1231 to the first half of 1258. He was also Sheriff of Essex and Hertford , with custody of the royal castles of Dover and Rochester.

Sir[1] Bertram de Criol (Criel, Crioill, Cyroyl, or Kerrial, etc.) (died 1256) was a senior and trusted Steward and diplomat to King Henry III. He served as Constable and Keeper of Dover Castle, Keeper of the Coast and of the Cinque Ports, Keeper of the receipts, expenses and wardships of the archbishopric of Canterbury, Constable of the Tower of London and Sheriff of Kent.

Wikipedia contributors, "Bertram de Criol," Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bertram_de_Criol&oldid=1... (accessed July 8, 2023).

Family

Bertram, or Bertrand, de Criol was the eldest son of John de Criol and his wife Margery.

Bertram de Criol had two identified sons:[147]

1. Sir John de Criol, "son and heir".[148] John married in or before 1233[149] to Matilde de Eastwelle (died 1267), whose mother Margeria was living at the time of her death. In 1258 John received royal letters of protection for his intended journey to Santiago (in Galicia).[150] Richard de Clare is said to have died at John's manor of Ashenfield (Hesmeresfeld) at Waltham in 1262.[151] Sir John died in 1264. They were the parents of
   1. Sir Bertram de Criol, who did homage for his father's lands in 1264, and was heir to his mother in 1267. He married Alianora, one of the four daughters and co-heirs of Hamo de Crevecoeur and Matilda (Maud) de Avranches.[152] Sir Bertram died in 1295. Their children included
   2. John de Criol (born c.1261), who was aged 34 in 1295: died without issue before 1302.[153]
   3. Bertram de Criol: died without issue in 1306.[154][155]
   4. Joan de Crioll, who married Sir Richard de Rokesley. They sold the manor of Aldbury in 1309.[156]
2. Sir Simon de Criol. Simon married Matilda, daughter and heir of William de Esseteford (of Ashford, Esturt and Packmanstone in Newchurch). In 1252 he was granted immunity from coroner, assize or jury service for life, but in 1258 he was one of four knights selected for Kent for the bringing of inquisitions into trespasses and damages.[157] Matilda was living at her husband's death in 1267.[158]
   1. Simon and Matilda had eight sons, who in 1267 were aged 30, 24, 23, 20, 16, 14, 12 and 11. These sons had an inheritance partible by gavelkind.[159]

The relationship of Nicholas de Crioll (fl. 1240–1272) to Bertram is not specified. He is not mentioned in the 1243 scutage payment, where he would be expected. By 1246 Nicholas held the manor of Croxton Kerrial in Leicestershire granted to Bertram and his heirs by King Henry in 1242. Nicholas also became Constable of Dover Castle and Keeper of the Coast. He married Joan de Auberville, daughter of William de Auberville the younger, whose grandfather William the elder was married to Matilda (Maud), one of the three daughters of Ranulf de Glanville. Nicholas witnessed the De Clare and Puntdelarche charters in company with Simon de Criol,[163] and obtained from the king a remission of £12 owing on the estate of John de Criol when John's son Bertram inherited it in 1264.[164] He remarried to Margery, believed to have been daughter of Simon de Cray, who survived until 1319 and remarried into the Clifford family.[165] His son by Joan,

1. Nicholas de Crioll, married Margaret, daughter of Galfred Pecche.[166][167]

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Edward Hasted, The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 8 (Canterbury, 1799), British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol8 [accessed 8 July 2023].

Manorial Estate: Ostenhanger Manor, Stanford, Ashford, Kent, TN25, GB. 2 WESTENHANGER is an eminent manor here, which was once a parish of itself, though now united to Stanford: Its antient and more proper name, as appears by the register of the monastery of St. Angustine, was Le Hangre, yet I find it called likewise in records as high as the reign of Richard I. by the names both of Ostenhanger and Westenhanger, which certainly arose from its having been divided, and in the hands of separate owners, being possessed by the two eminent families of Criol and Auberville. Bertram de Criol, who was constable of Dover castle, lord warden of the five ports, and sheriff of Kent, for several years in the reign of king Henry III. who from his great possessions in this country, was usually stiled the great lord of Kent, is written in the pipe-rolls of the 27th year of that reign, of Ostenhanger, where it is said he rebuilt great part of the then antient mansion. He left two sons, Nicholas and John, the former of whom marrying with Joane, daughter and heir of Sir William de Aubervilse, inherited in her right the other part of this manor, called Westenhanger, as will be further mentioned hereafter. John, the younger son, seems to have inherited his father's share of this manor, called Ostenhanger, of which he died possessed in the 48th year of king Henry III. as did his son Bertram de Criol in the 23d year of Edward I.

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Pedigree

https://www.stirnet.com/genie/data/british/cc4rz/criol1.php Draft

• Robert de Criol m. ?? (dau of Osbern, son of Letard de Popeshall)
  • 1. Nicholas or Bertram de Criol ( sources conflict)
    • A. Simon or Bertram de Criol
      • i. John de Criol or Kyrriel (d 1229) m. Margery de Spelmoden (dau/heir of John de Spelmoden)
        • a. Sir Bertram de Criol of Croxton Castle (Leicesterhire), Sheriff of Kent (also of Essex & Hertfordshire) (a 1231, 1238, Keeper of Dover & Rochester Castles) m. Emma de Kennet (dau/heir of Nicholas de Kennet)
          • (1) Sir Nicholas de Criol of Croxton & Cherry Hinton (Cambridgeshire), Sheriff of Kent (d before 02.07.1273, Warden of the Cinque Ports, Governor of Rochester Castle) m. Joan Auberville, heiress of Westenhanger (dau/heir of Sir William Auberville of Eynsford, etc., m2. Henry de Sandwich)
          • (2) John de Criol (d 1253-4 or 1264) m. Matilda de Eastwelle (d 1267, dau of Margeria)
          • (3) Sir Simon de Criol (d 1267) The following is supported by 'Archaeologia Cantiana' (Kent Archaeological Society, 'Inquisitiones Post Mortem', p303-4). m. Matilda de Esseteford (dau/heir of William de Esseteford)

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References

• https://www.stirnet.com/genie/data/british/cc4rz/criol1.php Draft cites
  • Main source(s): 'The History and Antiquities of the County of Leicester' (John Nichols, vol 2 part 1 (1795 - or 1971, ISBN 0.85409.688.4), 'Pedigree of Criol', p147), 'A Corner of Kent' (J.R. Planché, 1864, p291+), Visitation (Huntingdonshire, 1619, 'Kryell') with a little input/support from 'The Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England' (T.C. Banks, vol 1, 1807, 'Criol', p278+), referred to above as 'Baronage', and further input (shown in italics) from various web sites
• The Battle Abbey Roll (page 12) < Archive.org >
• https://buist-keatch.org/buist/goring/5396.html cites
  • 1 Victoria County History, editor, A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely, 10 (London: Victoria County History, 1948), 10: 106-109.
  • 2 Edward Hasted, The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 12 (Canterbury: W Bristow, 1799), 8: 63-78.
  • 3 Edward Hasted, The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 12 (Canterbury: W Bristow, 1799), 8: 282-303.
• https://www.1066.co.nz/Mosaic%20DVD/text/people/Estriels.html
• https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Criol-12 cites
  • Wikipedia:Bertram_de_Criol.
  • William Smith Ellis esq (1883) Early Kentish Armory. Archaeologia Cantiana Vol 15, 1883.