Wichmann II Billung von Ambergau

https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/LR6L-VSV
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Billung-117

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_of_Haldensleben,_Margrave_...

Dietrich of Haldensleben Margrave of the Nordmark
Tenure 965 – 983
Died 25 August 985

Issue
Bernard, Margrave of the Nordmark
Oda, Duchess of Poland
Mathilda of Haldensleben
Theutberga, Countess of Wettin

Father Wichmann the Elder
Mother Frederuna of Ringelheim

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#WichmanIdied944
WICHMANN [II], son of BILLUNG & his wife --- (-23 Apr 944). Widukind names "Wichmanni fratris sui [=Herimannum]", when recording his rebellion against King Otto[261]. "Otto…rex" granted property "in pago Vnimoti in comitatu Wigmanni dua loca Vrlaha et Ottingha" for the foundation of Magdeburg by charter dated 11 Oct 937[262]. He rebelled against Otto I King of Germany in 938, dissatisfied that the king had given military command in Saxony to his brother Hermann, but made peace with the king later the same year[263]. The Annales Magdeburgenses record the reconciliation of "Wigmannus frater Hermanni Saxonis ducis" and the king in 941[264]. The necrology of Fulda records the death in 944 of "Wigman com"[265]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "23 Apr" of "Wigmam com"[266].

m FREDERUNA, daughter of Graf THEODERICH [Immedinger] & his wife Reginlind --- (-18 Jan 971). Her origin is deduced from Thietmar referring to "Counts Wichmann and Ekbert…brothers" as sons of Emperor Otto I's maternal aunt[267], although he does not name their mother. A list of names in the Libri Confraternitatum Sancti Galli sets out (in order) "Thieterich, Reginhilt, *, Oto, Amalrat, Perectheid, Friderun, Pia", immediately after a list of family members of Heinrich I King of Germany and his wife, which no doubt refers to the latter's parents and sisters[268]. It is also possible that the wife of Wichmann [I] was the sister Bia, unless she can be identified as the mother of Friedrich (see above). The necrology of Fulda records the death "970 Id Jan" of "Fridarun comitissa [anc Christi]"[269], presumably showing that she became a nun before she died.

Wichmann [II] & his wife had [four possible children]:

s p a m 

FREDERUNA (-18 Jan 971). A list of names in the Libri Confraternitatum Sancti Galli sets out (in order) "Thieterich, Reginhilt, *, Oto, Amalrat, Perectheid, Friderun, Pia", immediately after a list of family members of Heinrich I King of Germany and his wife, which no doubt refers to the latter's parents and sisters[68]. The necrology of Fulda records the death "970 Id Jan" of "Fridarun comitissa [anc Christi]"[69], presumably showing that she became a nun before she died. m WICHMANN [II], son of BILLUNG & his wife --- (-23 Apr 944). http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#Mathildedied968

WICHMANN II, son of BILLUNG & his wife --- (-23 Apr 944). Widukind names "Wichmanni fratris sui [=Herimannum]", when recording his rebellion against King Otto[261]. "Otto…rex" granted property "in pago Vnimoti in comitatu Wigmanni dua loca Vrlaha et Ottingha" for the foundation of Magdeburg by charter dated 11 Oct 937[262]. He rebelled against Otto I King of Germany in 938, dissatisfied that the king had given military command in Saxony to his brother Hermann, but made peace with the king later the same year[263]. The Annales Magdeburgenses record the reconciliation of "Wigmannus frater Hermanni Saxonis ducis" and the king in 941[264]. The necrology of Fulda records the death in 944 of "Wigman com"[265]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "23 Apr" of "Wigmam com"[266].

m FREDERUNA, daughter of Graf THEODERICH [Immedinger] & his wife Reginlind --- (-18 Jan 971). Her origin is deduced from Thietmar referring to "Counts Wichmann and Ekbert…brothers" as sons of Emperor Otto I's maternal aunt[267], although he does not name their mother. A list of names in the Libri Confraternitatum Sancti Galli sets out (in order) "Thieterich, Reginhilt, *, Oto, Amalrat, Perectheid, Friderun, Pia", immediately after a list of family members of Heinrich I King of Germany and his wife, which no doubt refers to the latter's parents and sisters[268]. It is also possible that the wife of Wichmann [I] was the sister Bia, unless she can be identified as the mother of Friedrich (see above). The necrology of Fulda records the death "970 Id Jan" of "Fridarun comitissa [anc Christi]"[269], presumably showing that she became a nun before she died.

Wichmann [II] & his wife had [four possible children]:

1. [WICHMANN [III] (-killed in battle 22 Sep 967). Thietmar records that "Count Wichmann " took part in the siege of Mainz during the rebellion of Liudolf, son of Emperor Otto I, in 953[270]. No direct proof has been found that Wichmann [III] was the son of Wichmann [II]. However, it is clear that Wichmann [III] was the brother of Ekbert "der Einäugige", as in a later passage Thietmar refers to "Counts Wichmann and Ekbert…brothers" instigating the Slavs to war[271]. Wichmann revived his supposed father's feud with his uncle Hermann Billung, was captured in [953] and not included in the general settlement of 954[272]. He was "the outlaw Count Wichman", under whose leadership "the Slavs" (probably the Pomeranians) defeated Mieszko I Prince of Poland twice in 963[273]. Widukind records that "Misacam" and his Bohemian allies defeated the western Pomeranians in 967 and killed their leader Wichman[274]. Emperor Otto inherited Wichmann's land, presumably by confiscation, and divided the inheritance into two parts, one of which he granted to the monastery constructed at Lüneburg by Hermann Billung, the other to the abbey "que dicitur Keminada iuxta Wisarum fluvium"[275]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "22 Sep" of "Wichmannus comes et multi aliis occisi"[276].] same person as…? WICHMANN . The Notice concerning the foundation of Corvey lists "Wicmannus comes Dungon, Hatuwih comitissa Beverunge, Heremannus Mylenhusen" among the donors to the monastery (undated)[277]. Reading this together with the entry for Graf Amelung and his mother Hathwig, it appears probable that the latter was the wife of Wichmann, that both were parents of Amelung, and that Wichmann was the same person as Wichmann [III], but none of this is certain. m HATHWIG, daughter of ---. The Notice concerning the foundation of Corvey lists "Amulung comes Bikethop, Hathuwig mater eius Amulungessen" among the donors to the monastery (undated)[278]. Wichmann & his wife had one child:

a) AMELUNG . The Notice concerning the foundation of Corvey lists "Amulung comes Bikethop, Hathuwig mater eius Amulungessen" among the donors to the monastery (undated)[279].

2. [BRUNO ([920/25]-[26 Jan] 976). Monk at Corvey before 942. "Bruno Corbeiensis monachus", "cognatus" of Hermann Billung Duke in Saxony, was appointed to succeed Amelung (brother of Hermann Billung) as Bishop of Verden in 962[280]. No direct indication has been found that Bruno was the son of Wichmann [II]. However, the chronology is favorable. Thietmar records the death of Duke Hermann, father of Bernhard, at Quedlinburg on 1 Apr, the transportation of his body to Lüneburg, and the refusal by Bruno Bishop of Verden (maybe his nephew) to allow his burial in church because of his prior excommunication[281].]
3. [EKBERT [I] "der Einäugige" ([930/35]-4 Apr 994). No direct proof has been found that Ekbert [I] was the son of Wichmann [II] but the chronology is favorable. However, it is clear that he was the brother of Wichmann [III], as Thietmar refers to "Counts Wichmann and Ekbert…brothers" instigating the Slavs to war[282]. His birth date range is estimated on the assumption that he was of a similar age to Liudolf, son of Emperor Otto I, when he joined Liudolf's rebellion. Ekbert lost an eye in a battle for which he blamed Emperor Otto I[283]. "Otto…rex" confirmed the immunities of Kloster Essen including over land "excepta in loco Ruoldinghus quam Eggihart et eius coniunx Rikilt" possessed by hereditary right and in land "in comitatu Ecberti et Cobbonis" by charter dated 15 Jan 947[284], although Ekbert [I] would have been rather young at that date for this to be the same person. Thietmar records that "Count Ekbert" joined the rebellion of Liudolf, son of Emperor Otto I[285], dated from other sources to [953/54]. "Otto…imperator augustus" made a donation to St Pantaleon at Köln of property "insule medietatem in Almere que Urch vocatur…quod Gardolfus iam quondam comes…tenuisse…in comitatu Ekberti comitis" by an undated charter, dated to 966[286]. Thietmar records that "Count Ekbert" was tried for complicity in the rebellion of Heinrich Duke of Bavaria and sent into exile[287], dated to 978. In a later passage, the same chronicler records that Count Ekbert was present with Duke Heinrich when the latter kidnapped King Otto III and that subsequently the king's sister Adelheid was held at Ekbert's fortress of Ala[288]. Graf im Hastfalagau. "Otto…rex" donated property "Vvalbisci in comitatu Karoli comitis" to Quedlinburg by charter dated 6 Jan 992, which names as present "Bernhardi ducis, Egberti comitis, Eggihardi marchionis, Herimanni palatini comitis, Huodonis marchionis, Deoderici palatini comitis eiusque fratris Sigeberti comitis, Herimanni comitis"[289], Ekbert's position as second in the list of nobles indicating his importance at the time. The necrology of Fulda records the death in 994 of "Egbertus com"[290]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "4 Apr" of "Ekbert com"[291]. m ---. The name of Ekbert's wife is not known.] Ekbert & his wife had [six possible children]. No direct proof has been found that the following are children of Ekbert but this is probable. That Ekbert had surviving sons is shown by the charter of "Otto tercius…Romanorum imperator augustus" dated 23 Jan 1001 which donates property "castellum Dalehem…in pago Hastfala sive Ambargam in comitatu filiorum Ekbrahti comitis et nepotis nostri" to the church of Hildesheim[292]. The relationship of "nepos" to Emperor Otto III would have been a remote one through Ekbert's supposed mother Friderun, who was the sister of Emperor Otto's paternal great-grandmother.

a) [BRUNO ([975/85]-murdered near Niethorp[293] [1010/11][294]). There is no proof that Bruno von Braunschweig was the son of Ekbert "der Einäugige" but this appears probable in view of the names which are common to the two families and also the common references to the Derlingau. He is shown in Europäische Stammtafeln as the brother of Wichmann [IV] Graf im Duffelgau and Ekbert Graf im Derlingau, while another table shows Wichmann [IV] as son of Ekbert "der Einäugige"[295]. His birth date range is estimated from his estimated marriage date. Bruno founded Braunschweig. He was a candidate for the German throne in 1002[296] in opposition to Heinrich IV Duke of Bavaria, who was elected as Heinrich II King of Germany.]
b) [AMELUNG (-[21 Sep -], after 14 Sep [1029]). No direct proof has been found that Amelung was the son of Ekbert [I] "der Einäugige" but he was certainly the brother of Ekbert [II] as shown by the charter dated 1 Jul 1028 of "Chuonradus…Romanorum imperator augustus" relating to Corvey abbey witnessed by "Bernhardus dux, Adalbero dux, Ernastus dux, Liudulfus comes privignus imperatoris, Hiddi, Amulungus comes et frater eius Ecbertus, Wigger, Gerlo, Uffo, Tiammo, Poppo, Bern, Thiathard, Brun, Gebo"[297]. "…Amulungo comes et frater eius Ekbracht…" witnessed the charter dated 14 Sep (no year) under which "dñs…Brun cum nepte sua Idæ" donated property to the church of Sts Maria, Kilian and Libor, the same document recording that "post quinquennium obitu imperatoris secundi Heinrici" [1029/30] "predicta Ida cum viro suo Brunone" withdrew the donation[298]. "Amulungo et fratre eius Ekberto" also witnessed a donation of property dated "XVIII Kal Oct [1029]" by "Brun comes cum uxore sua Ida"[299], which suggests that they may have been closely related to Bruno. Graf 1015/31. Vogt at Paderborn cathedral. The necrology of Merseburg records the death "21 Sep" of "Amalog com"[300], although it is not known whether this refers to this Amelung.]
c) [EKBERT [II] (-[7 Feb -], after 24 Jul 1042). No direct proof has been found that Ekbert [II] was the son of Ekbert [I] "der Einäugige" but he was certainly the brother of Amelung as shown by the charter dated 1 Jul 1028 of "Chuonradus…Romanorum imperator augustus" relating to Corvey abbey witnessed by "Bernhardus dux, Adalbero dux, Ernastus dux, Liudulfus comes privignus imperatoris, Hiddi, Amulungus comes et frater eius Ecbertus, Wigger, Gerlo, Uffo, Tiammo, Poppo, Bern, Thiathard, Brun, Gebo"[301]. "Amulungo et fratre eius Ekberto" also witnessed a donation of property dated "XVIII Kal Oct [1029]" by "Brun comes cum uxore sua Ida"[302], which suggests that they may have been closely related to Bruno. Europäische Stammtafeln shows Ekbert as brother of both Wichmann [IV] Graf im Duffelgau and Bruno, founder of Braunschweig[303]. It is not known whether this is based on any sources other than those already cited here. "Henricus…rex" granted privileges to Kloster St Michaelis at Hildesheim, listing its properties "in pago Astfalo in prefectura Tammonis…in prefectura Liudulfi in pago Flenithi…in pago Scotilingon in prefectura ducis Bernhardi…in prefectura Herimanni comitis in pago Logne…in pago Derningon in prefectura Ekberti…in pago Derningon in prefectura Liudgeri comitis…in pago Flutwidde in prefectura Thammnis…in pago Tilithe in prefectura Bernhardi comitis" to Bernward Bishop of Hildesheim by an undated charter, placed in the collection with other charters dated 1013[304]. "Heinricus…rex" granted property "in pago Derelingun in comitatu Ecberti comitis…in villis Abolderstetin" to "Sehart…Herimannus pater illius" by charter dated 24 Jul 1042[305]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "7 Feb" of "Eilika Magni ducis filia"[306]. Although it is not known whether this entry refers to this Ekbert, no other possible Graf Ekbert has been identified.]
d) [WICHMANN [IV] (-murdered Upladen 9 Oct 1016, bur Verden). Wichmann is shown in Europäische Stammtafeln[307] as son of Ekbert "der Einäugige", although the source on which this is based has not so far been identified. [Vogt of Metelen 993]. Vogt of Borghorst 999. Graf in Königsdahlum 1001/09. "Henricus…rex" granted property "Daleheym in pago Amberga in comitatu Wichmanni comitis" to Kloster Gandersheim by charter dated 3 Sep 1009[308]. Alpertus records that, in the conflict between "Wicmannus et Baldericus", Baldric received the support of "Coloniensis sacerdotis itemque Gerhardi Mosellensis, potentis viri" while Wichmann was supported by the king[309]. Thietmar records that "Count Wichmann" intervened to prevent Duke Bernhard being granted the island called Parey after the murder in Nov 1014 of Werner von Walbeck ex-Markgraf der Nordmark[310]. Thietmar records that "Count Wichmann…was killed by a presumptuous serf", in a passage dated to 1016[311]. The necrology of Lüneburg records the death "9 Oct" of "Vuichmannus comes et occisus"[312]. m ([1006]%29 ---, daughter of GOTTFRIED Graf von Hattuaria & his wife - (-18 May -). Alpertus refers to "Wicmannus" marrying "præfecti Godefridi, avunculi Balderici, filiam", without giving her name; nor is it clear to which Wichmann this refers, apart from it being chronologically impossible for it to have been the same Wichmann whose daughter is recorded in the same passage as marrying "Baldericus" at an earlier date[313]. Wichmann's wife is named "Remmod" in Europäische Stammtafeln[314] but the basis for this is not known.] Wichmann [IV] & his wife had one son:

i) son (-after Oct 1016). Thietmar refers to the minor son of "Count Wichmann" after the murder of his father, specifying that Duke Bernhard "was the rightful guardian…and also of his entire inheritance"[315]. same person as…? BRUNO (-after 14 Sep [1029]). "Amulungo et fratre eius Ekberto" witnessed a donation of property dated "18 Kal Oct [1029]" by "Brun comes cum uxore sua Ida"[316], which suggests that the three may have been closely related. The unnamed son of Wichmann [III] is one of the possibilities. m IDA, daughter of [THIETMAR & his wife ---]. "Dñs…Brun cum nepte sua Idæ" donated property to the church of Sts Maria, Kilian and Libor by charter dated 14 Sep (no year), the same document recording that "post quinquennium obitu imperatoris secundi Heinrici" [1029/30] "predicta Ida cum viro suo Brunone" withdrew the donation, witnessed by "Bernhardus dux, Heriman comes et filii eius, Henric, Conrad, Adalbracht, Bernhard, Ekkica comes de Aslan, Bernhard comes, Erp comes, Tiedric comes Fresonie, Widukin comes, Amulungo comes et frater eius Ekbracht, Ekkica comes…Tiamma comes et frater eius"[317]. "Amulungo et fratre eius Ekberto" witnessed a donation of property dated "18 Kal Oct [1029]" by "Brun comes cum uxore sua Ida"[318].

e) [GERTRUD (-after 1018). The Vita Meinwerci names "Godescalcum Ekkihardi comitis filium" when recording his separation in 1018 from "Gertrudam filiam comitis Ekkiberti"[319]. m (separated 1018) GOTTESCHALK, son of Graf EKKEHARD & his wife Mathilde ---.]
f) [GERBERGA . The Vita Godefridi comitis Capenbergensis names "filia Gerberga [comitis Egeberti] abbatissa"[320], although it is not known to which abbey this refers.]

4. [HEDWIG [Hathui] (939-9 Jul 1014, bur Quedlinburg Klosterkirche). Thietmar names "Hathui…niece of Queen Mathilde", records her marriage to "Siegfried son of Markgraf Gero" when aged 13, and that she became a nun after her husband's death[321]. There is no proof that she was the daughter of Wichmann [II] but the latter's wife is the most likely of the sisters of Queen Mathilde who could have been Hedwig's mother. It should also be noted that Thietmar records the death of "my cousin Mathilde" on 28 Apr 1014, noting that "she had long resided at Gernrode with Abbess Hathui to whom she was related by blood"[322]. If Hathui was the daughter of Wichmann [II], she would have been the first cousin of Mathilde's supposed father Duke Bernhard. The Chronicon Montis Serreni names "Hetwigam" as widow of "Gero filium unicum Sifridum"[323] but gives no indication about her origin. Abbess of Gernrode 959. Abbess of Vreden. m (952) SIEGFRIED, son of GERO I Markgraf der sächsischen Ostmark & his wife Judith -(-[959]).]

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#WichmanIdied944

• Geburtstag und -ort: geschätzt zwischen 864 und 920
• Verstorben: April 23, 944
• Sohn von Billung
• Ehemann von Frederuna von Ringelheim
• Vater von Bruno, monk at Corvey; Ekbert Graf im Ambergau, 'der Einäugige'; Hedwig "Hathui" und Wichmann, III

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FREDERUNA (-18 Jan 971). Thietmar refers to "Counts Wichmann and Ekbert…brothers" as sons of Emperor Otto I's maternal aunt[67], but does not name their mother. A list of names in the Libri Confraternitatum Sancti Galli sets out (in order) "Thieterich, Reginhilt, *, Oto, Amalrat, Perectheid, Friderun, Pia", immediately after a list of family members of Heinrich I King of Germany and his wife, which no doubt refers to the latter's parents and sisters[68]. It is also possible that the wife of Wichmann [II] was the sister Bia, unless she can be identified as the mother of Friedrich (see below). The necrology of Fulda records the death "970 Id Jan" of "Fridarun comitissa [anc Christi]"[69], presumably showing that she became a nun before she died. m WICHMANN [II], son of BILLUNG & his wife --- (-23 Apr 944). http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SAXONY.htm#WichmanIdied944

Wichmann II the Younger (also spelled Wigmann or Wichman) (died 22 September 967) was a member of the Saxon House of Billung. He was a son of Wichmann the Elder and Frederuna. He attained the rank of count, but his county is unknown.

In 953, Wichmann participated with in the rebellion of Liudolf, Duke of Swabia, against Otto I, and in the rebels' siege of Mainz. Also that year he reopened his father's feud with Herman, Duke of Saxony, his uncle, and was captured; Otto prevented him from being punished more severely, contrary to Herman's wishes.He was released in 954, though he was not included in the general settlement that followed the revolt.

Wichman and his brother Egbert the One-Eyed instigated a revolt of the Slavs. In 963, he was an outlaw leading a band of Slavs (likely Pomeranians) in battle against Mieszko I of Poland, defeating him twice and even exacting tribute. For a brief interlude, he was allowed to return to Germany and his wife's estates, but he was exiled once more by his uncle Herman during Otto's second Italian campaign.In 967, he and the western Pomeranians were defeated by an alliance of Mieszko and Boleslaus I of Bohemia and Wichmann was killed in action. Wichmann's lands were confiscated by Otto and divided in two, half going to the monastery founded by Duke Herman at Lüneburg and half going to found the convent of Keminada on the Weser.

Certain scholars have interpreted a clause in the foundation charter of the Abbey of Corvey as referring to Wichmann, his wife Hathwig, and his son Amulung, Count of Bikethop. Wichmann's daughters were allowed to use their inheritance, on which Keminada was founded, throughout their lifetime.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wichmann_the_Elder

Wichmann I the Elder (also spelled Wigmann or Wichman) (died 23 April 944) was a member of the Saxon House of Billung. He was a brother of Amelung, Bishop of Verden, and Herman, Duke of Saxony.

Biography Edit
In 938, Wichmann rebelled because his younger brother Herman had been given military command of the northern reaches of the Duchy of Saxony. He believed that he had a better claim to the office by virtue of his seniority and his Königsnähe (closeness to the king), because he was related by marriage to the queen dowager Matilda. He was joined by Eberhard of Franconia, and Thankmar, the half-brother of King Otto I. The revolt was soon suppressed. Thankmar died the same year he and Eberhard came to terms. Wichmann allied with some Slavs and made war against his former compatriots.[1] He reconciled to Otto in 941.

Personal life Edit
Wichmann married Frederuna (or Fridaruna), sister of Queen Matilda. She became a nun after her husband's death and died on 18 January 971. She left him at least three sons and a daughter:

Wichmann II
Bruno, Bishop of Verden
Egbert the One-Eyed
Hathui, married Siegfried, son of Gero the Great, possibly mother of Gero, Count of Alsleben.
Wichmann and Frederuna may have been the parents of Dietrich, Margrave of the Nordmark.

Sources Edit
Reuter, Timothy (6 June 2014). Germany in the Early Middle Ages c. 800-1056. Taylor & Francis. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-317-87238-2.
Thompson, James Westfall. Feudal Germany, Volume II. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1928.
Bernhardt, John W. Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.