Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski

Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski (1923–2014) was a Polish military officer and politician. He was First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party from 1981 to 1989, and as such was the last leader of the People's Republic of Poland. He also served as Prime Minister from 1981 to 1985 and the country's head of state from 1985 to 1990 (titled as Chairman of the Council of State from 1985 to 1989 and as President from 1989 to 1990). He was also the last commander-in-chief of the Polish People's Army (LWP). He resigned after the Polish Round Table Agreement in 1989, which led to democratic elections in Poland. Jaruzelski was chiefly responsible for the imposition of martial law in Poland on 13 December 1981 in an attempt to crush the pro-democracy movements, which included Solidarity, the first non-Communist trade union in Warsaw Pact history. Subsequent years saw his government and its internal security forces censor, persecute, and jail thousands of journalists and opposition activists without charge; others lost their lives during these same events. The resulting socio-economic crisis led to the rationing of basic foods such as sugar, milk, and meat, as well as materials such as gasoline and consumer products, while the median income of the population fell by as much as 40 percent. During Jaruzelski's rule from 1981 to 1989, around 700,000 people left the country. Wikipedia EN

Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski – polski polityk i dowódca wojskowy, działacz komunistyczny, prezydent PRL (1989) i prezydent RP (1989–1990), generał armii Wojska Polskiego, szef Głównego Zarządu Politycznego WP (1960–1965), szef Sztabu Generalnego WP (1965–1968), minister obrony narodowej (1968–1983), przewodniczący Komitetu Obrony Kraju – Zwierzchnik Sił Zbrojnych, Naczelny Dowódca Sił Zbrojnych na wypadek wojny, współtwórca Patriotycznego Ruchu Odrodzenia Narodowego; w nocy 12/13 grudnia 1981 stanął na czele Wojskowej Rady Ocalenia Narodowego, która w czasie stanu wojennego (1981–1983) sprawowała faktyczną władzę w Polsce, członek Biura Politycznego KC PZPR (1971–1989), I sekretarz KC PZPR (1981–1989), poseł na Sejm PRL III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII i IX kadencji, prezes Rady Ministrów PRL (1981–1985), przewodniczący Rady Państwa PRL (1985–1989). Wikipedia PL